Step 2: Pick a Design That Fits Your Style
In-Ground vs. Above-Ground vs. Portable
- In-Ground: Sits level with the surrounding surface for a clean, minimalist look. Works well for larger spaces but requires more digging and drainage planning.
- Above-Ground: Raised walls (usually 12–20 inches high) add definition, safety, and style. Easier to build and customize with stone or brick.
- Portable: Metal or ceramic fire bowls can be moved around and stored in bad weather, though they generally don’t last as long as permanent structures.
Material Choices and Durability
Stone and fire-rated brick are classics for good reason — they’re heat-resistant, durable, and weather-tolerant. Metal designs can look modern and are easier to relocate, but may require rust protection or indoor storage in winter. Your choice will affect both the visual impact and the lifespan of your fire pit.
Step 3: Gather Materials and Tools
Materials
- Fire bricks or a steel fire ring (for the inner wall)
- Masonry stones, pavers, or heat-safe bricks (for the outer wall)
- Gravel or crushed stone (for drainage)
- Leveling sand
- Heat-resistant mortar (optional, for permanent builds)
Tools
- Shovel
- Tape measure
- Level
- Rubber mallet
- Wheelbarrow
- Trowel (if mortaring)
- Marking paint or flags
Safety Gear
For more serious DIY protection, wear gloves, safety glasses, long sleeves, pants, and sturdy boots (steel-toe if possible). These will protect you from scrapes, sparks, and dropped materials.
Step 4: Build the Foundation
1. Mark and Excavate
Mark the fire pit’s footprint using your chosen layout. Dig down 6–8 inches, creating a flat, level base. This depth allows room for your drainage and leveling layers.
2. Add Gravel for Drainage
Pour in 3–4 inches of gravel or crushed stone. Compact it with a tamper to create a stable base that also drains rainwater away from the pit.
3. Add a Leveling Layer
Spread 1–2 inches of sand over the gravel. Smooth it out and check with a level. This surface will help your first course of stones sit perfectly even.