With a renewed focus on organic gardening and natural pest control methods, diatomaceous earth has become a reliable and environmentally-friendly option. This natural compound is effective in many gardening applications, derived from the fossilized remains of tiny aquatic organisms called diatoms. Diatomaceous earth, often called DE, provides myriad benefits, from pest control to soil improvement. This article delves into what diatomaceous earth is, its uses in gardening, and safety considerations. You will also explore common mistakes to avoid and answer frequently asked questions about this powerful gardening ally.
What Is Diatomaceous Earth?
Diatomaceous earth is a naturally-occurring, soft, and siliceous sedimentary rock that easily crumbles into a fine white to off-white powder. This powder has an abrasive feel, similar to pumice powder, and is very light due to its high porosity. It comes from the fossilized remains of diatoms, a type of hard-shelled algae that existed millions of years ago. Over the years, these diatoms have accumulated in the sediment of rivers, streams, lakes, and oceans.
Gardeners should be aware of two types of DE: food grade and pool grade. Due to its lower silica content, food-grade diatomaceous earth is recommended for gardening. On the other hand, pool-grade DE is processed to contain more silica and is unsuitable for gardening due to its crystalline silica content.
The Benefits Of Using Diatomaceous Earth In The Garden
One of the primary benefits of DE is its effectiveness as a natural insecticide. DE works mechanically, not chemically, to control pests. DE’s microscopic sharp edges can pierce insects’ protective coating, causing them to dehydrate and die. This means that insects cannot develop a resistance to it as they can with chemical insecticides. DE is effective against various pests, including beetles, slugs, spiders, and other crawling insects.
Beyond pest control, DE also improves soil health. DE is rich in silica, a mineral often lacking in many soils but essential for optimal plant health. Silica helps plants to resist drought, resist pests and improves nutrient uptake. Moreover, DE is also beneficial for its detoxifying properties, helping to eliminate harmful heavy metals from the soil.
How To Use Diatomaceous Earth For Pest Control
Before using DE, wearing a dust mask is essential to avoid inhaling the fine particles. Always use food-grade DE and make sure the area is dry before application, as DE loses its effectiveness when wet. Start by lightly dusting the plants affected by pests. The goal is to cover the plants with a fine dusting, not to drench them.
Repeat the application process every few weeks or after rain, dew, or irrigation, as water will wash away the DE. The best times to apply DE are in the early morning or late evening when plants are dry, and the sun isn’t as intense. It’s worth noting that while DE is non-toxic to humans and animals, it can harm beneficial insects. Therefore, try to apply DE directly onto the pests or in the areas where they frequent.